Sports Concussion Assessment: A Guide to Using The SCAT6 & SCOAT6
Nov 21, 2024
Managing sports-related concussions requires a structured, evidence-based approach and often a multidisciplinary team to ensure a safe return to play. Tools like the SCAT6 (Sport Concussion Assessment Tool) and SCOAT6 (Sport Concussion Office Assessment Tool) play pivotal roles in the assessment and management of sports related concussion. Developed as part of the 2023 Concussion in Sport Group (CISG) Statement, these tools offer standardized methods for evaluating sport related concussion symptoms and guiding recovery.
In this blog, we outline the roles of the SCAT6 and SCOAT6, when to use them, their similarities and differences, strengths and weaknesses, and how to optimize them when time is limited.
When to Use the SCAT6 and SCOAT6 for Sports Concussion Management
- SCAT6: Best suited for use immediately after a concussion to within the first 7 days post-injury.
- SCOAT6: Designed for use after the initial 72 hours.
Either tool can be used between 72 hours and 7 days of the injury.
Both tools are intended for athletes aged 13 and older, with child-specific versions (Child SCAT6 and Child SCOAT6) available to address the unique needs of younger populations (8-12 years old).
Key Features of SCAT6 and SCOAT6
| Feature |
SCAT6 |
SCOAT6 |
| Timing |
Up to 7 days post-injury |
After 72 hours post-injury |
| Primary Focus |
Acute symptom identification and red flags |
Comprehensive recovery assessment |
| Main Use |
Immediate cognitive and physical evaluations |
Detailed follow-up and recovery tracking |
| Target Population |
Athletes aged 13+ (Child SCAT6 for younger) |
Same (Child SCOAT6 for younger) |
| Core Elements |
Symptom Checklist, cognitive tests, balance tests |
Symptom Checklist, advanced evaluations |
With both the SCAT6 and SCOAT6 we particularly like the cognitive screening component and the option to attempt dual tasking. With the SCOAT6 we also appreciate the mental health and sleep screening components.
Strengths of SCAT6 and SCOAT6
Both tools bring several advantages to concussion management:
- Standardized Structure: They offer a clear framework that ensures consistency in assessments and seamless communication among providers.
- Symptom Checklist in Sports Concussion Assessment: This tool highlights patterns that may indicate vestibular issues, cervicogenic pain, sensitivity triggers, or mental health concerns.
- Evidence-Based Design: Both tools are built on the latest concussion research, ensuring their relevance and reliability.
- Child-Specific Versions: These tailored versions address the unique needs of younger athletes, improving accuracy and engagement.
- Supports Multidisciplinary Concussion Care: The standardized format makes it easier for a team of health care providers to collaborate and share results effectively.
Practical Solutions for SCAT6 and SCOAT6
One of the most common concerns with these tools is the time required to complete the full assessments.
How North 49 Optimizes Sports Concussion Assessment
At North 49, we use the Symptom Checklist during the initial session to identify patterns that point to potential symptom drivers:
- Vestibular Symptoms: Indicate balance or inner ear issues.
- Cervicogenic Pain: Suggest neck-related causes of headaches or discomfort.
- Sensitivity Triggers: Point to challenges with light and/or noise.
- Mental Health Concerns: Highlight the need to potentially address mood, anxiety, or emotional regulation.
By honing in on these areas, we can prioritize interventions that deliver the greatest impact right away. Any remaining sections of the assessments are completed during follow-ups, ensuring a thorough yet efficient process.
Why a Multidisciplinary Approach is Key
Concussion recovery rarely falls under the scope of a single professional. Effective care requires a team approach that includes physicians, physiotherapists, athletic therapists, kinesiologists, and mental health specialists. The SCAT6 and SCOAT6 provide a common language that helps these professionals collaborate and guide athletes through a safe and successful recovery.
Maximizing SCAT6 and SCOAT6 for Sports Concussion Evaluation
When used correctly, the SCAT6 and SCOAT6 are tools for concussion assessment and management. Start with the SCAT6 for immediate evaluations in the first 7 days after the injury, and transition to the SCOAT6 for longer-term follow-ups. While these tools are highly effective, remember they are guides, not rules. Your clinical judgment and expertise are vital for tailoring assessments to meet each athlete's needs.
Staying Current with Sports Concussion Research and Tools
Concussion research evolves rapidly, and tools like the SCAT6 and SCOAT6 will continue to improve. To stay ahead, health care providers should review the 2023 Concussion in Sport Group Statement and its appendices, along with any upcoming updates (approx every 4 years). This ensures you are following the latest evidence-based practices to help athletes recover safely.
